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Clinical microbiologists use microbial sequencing to identify pathogenic microbes and to understand how these pathogens cause disease. This information can also be used to detect and diagnose infections, track the spread of infectious diseases, and develop new treatments for infections develop new diagnostic tests and treatments. Environmental scientists use microbial sequencing to study the diversity of microbes in a given ecosystem and to understand how these microbes interact with their environment. This information can then be used to develop new environmental conservation strategies.

Microbial sequencing provides scientists with a wealth of information about an organism that would not be possible to obtain through other molecular methods. For example, microbial sequencing can be used to determine an organism’staxonomic identity, its evolutionary history, and its functional capabilities. This information can then be used to improve our understanding of biology and medicine, as well as our ability to protect and conserve our natural environment and to identify novel microorganisms living in extreme environments such as hot springs or hydrothermal vents. By understanding the genetics of these organisms, we can learn about their adaptive mechanisms and how they might be harnessed for biotechnological applications. In addition, environmental microbial sequencing can be used to monitor environmental pollution. By sequenced the genomes of environmental microbes, we can identify which pollutants are present and track changes in pollution levels over time.